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"Rabbi Jacob Pollak (other common spelling Yaakov Pollack), son of Rabbi Jacob Pollack, was the founder of the Polish method of halakhic and Talmudic study known as the Pilpul. Biography He was born about 1460 or 1470 in Poland, and died at Lublin in 1541. He was a pupil of Jacob Margolioth of Nuremberg, with whose son Isaac he officiated in the rabbinate of Prague about 1490; but he first became known during the latter part of the activity of Judah Minz (d. 1508), who opposed him in 1492 regarding a question of divorce. Pollak's widowed mother-in-law, a wealthy and prominent woman, who was even received at the Bohemian court, had married her second daughter, who was still a minor, to the Talmudist David Zehner. Regretting this step, she wished to have the marriage annulled; but the husband refused to permit a divorce, and the mother, on Pollak's advice, sought to have the union dissolved by means of the declaration of refusal (mi'un) on the part of the wife, permitted by Talmudic law. Menahem of Merseburg, a recognized authority, had decided half a century previously, however, that a formal letter of divorce was indispensable in such a case, although his opinion was not sustained by the Oriental rabbis. When, therefore, Pollak declared the marriage of his sister-in-law null and void, all the rabbis of Germany protested, and even excommunicated him until he should submit to Menahem's decision. Judah Minz of Padua also decided against Pollak, who was sustained by one rabbi only, Meïr Pfefferkorn, whom circumstances compelled to approve this course (Judah Minz, Responsa, No. 13; Grätz, Gesch. 2d ed., ix. 518). Pollak had a further bitter controversy, with Minz's son Abraham, regarding a legal decision, in which dispute more than 100 rabbis are said to have taken part (Ibn Yaḥya, Shalshelet ha-Ḳabbalah, ed. Amsterdam, p. 51a). Legacy After the accession of King Sigismund I in 1506, many Jews left Bohemia and went to Poland, founding a community of their own at Kraków. Pollak followed them, officiating as rabbi and organizing a school for the study of the Talmud, which, up to that time, had been neglected in Poland. This institution trained young men to introduce the study of the Talmud into other Polish communities. In 1530 Pollak went to the Holy Land, and on his return took up his residence at Lublin, where he died on the same day as his opponent, Abraham Minz. His most famous pupils were Rabbi Shalom Shachna of Lublin and Meïr of Padua (Maharam Padua). Pollak, in transferring the study of the Talmud from Germany, where it had been almost entirely neglected in the sixteenth century, to Poland, initiated a movement which in the course of time dominated the Talmudic schools of the latter country. The sophisticated treatment of the Talmud, which Pollak had found in its initial stage at Nuremberg, Augsburg, and Regensburg, was concerned chiefly with the mental gymnastics of tracing relationships between things widely divergent or even contradictory and of propounding questions and solving them in unexpected ways. =Works= Neither he nor Rabbi Shalom Shachna, one of his most famous students, authored any books. The latter's son Rabbi Israel Shachna said that neither his father nor his father's rebbe wished to bind future generations to their rulings, and cited other rabbis who likewise had refrained from committing their legal ruling to book form. Pollak's contemporaries were unanimous in regarding him as one of the great men of his time, although the exaggerations to which his method eventually led were later criticized with severity (comp. Gans, "Ẓemaḥ Dawid," ed. Offenbach, p. 31a). Pollak himself, however, was not responsible for these, since he modestly refrained from publishing the decisions at which he arrived by his system, not wishing to be regarded as a casuist whose decisions were to be implicitly followed. Only a few quotations from him are found in the works of other authors. References * Category:15th-century rabbis Category:16th-century rabbis Category:Polish rabbis Category:Polish expatriates in the Czech lands Category:15th-century births Category:Year of birth uncertain Category:1541 deaths "
"Saeed bin Suroor (born November 16, 1968 in Dubai) is a horse racing trainer. He took out his training license in 1993 and the following year was appointed as the trainer for Sheikh Mohammed's Godolphin operation. He has been British Champion Trainer on four occasions. Major wins Great Britain * 1,000 Guineas - (2) - Cape Verdi (1998), Kazzia (2002) * 2,000 Guineas - (2) - Mark of Esteem (1996), Island Sands (1999) * Ascot Gold Cup - (5) - Classic Cliche (1996), Kayf Tara (1998, 2000), Papineau (2004), Colour Vision (2012) * Champion Stakes - (1) - Farhh (2013) * Coronation Cup - (2) - Daylami (1999), Mutafaweq (2001) * Derby - (1) - Lammtarra (1995) * Eclipse Stakes - (4) - Halling (1995, 1996), Daylami (1998), Refuse to Bend (2004) * Fillies' Mile - (1) - White Moonstone (2010) * Golden Jubilee Stakes - (1) - So Factual (1995) * Haydock Sprint Cup - (1) - Diktat (1999) * International Stakes - (4) - Halling (1995, 1996), Sakhee (2001), Sulamani (2004) * King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes - (5) - Lammtarra (1995), Swain (1997, 1998), Daylami (1999), Doyen (2004) * Lockinge Stakes - (5) - Cape Cross (1998), Fly to the Stars (1999), Aljabr (2000), Creachadoir (2008), Farhh (2013) * Nassau Stakes - (1) - Zahrat Dubai (1999) * Nunthorpe Stakes - (1) - So Factual (1995) * Oaks - (2) - Moonshell (1995), Kazzia (2002) * Prince of Wales's Stakes - (4) - Faithful Son (1998), Dubai Millennium (2000), Fantastic Light (2001), Grandera (2002) * Queen Anne Stakes - (7) - Charnwood Forest (1996), Allied Forces (1997), Intikhab (1998), Cape Cross (1999), Dubai Destination (2003), Refuse to Bend (2004), Ramonti (2007) * Queen Elizabeth II Stakes - (5) - Mark of Esteem (1996), Dubai Millennium (1999), Summoner (2001), Ramonti (2007), Poet's Voice (2010) * Racing Post Trophy - (2) - Medaaly (1996), Ibn Khaldun (2007) * St. James's Palace Stakes - (1) - Shamardal (2005) * St. Leger - (5) - Classic Cliche (1995), Nedawi (1998), Mutafaweq (1999), Rule of Law (2004), Mastery (2009) * Sun Chariot Stakes - (1) - Echoes in Eternity (2003) * Sussex Stakes - (3) - Aljabr (1999), Noverre (2001), Ramonti (2007) * Yorkshire Oaks - (1) - Punctilious (2005) \---- Australia * Caulfield Cup - (2) - All the Good (2008), Best Solution (2018) * Caulfield Stakes - (1) - Benbatl (2018) * VRC Queen Elizabeth Stakes - (2) - Hatha Anna (2001), Fantastic Love (2004) * Zipping Classic - (1) - Beautiful Romance (2016) \---- Canada * Canadian International Stakes - (2) - Mutafaweq (2000), Sulamani (2004) * E. P. Taylor Stakes - (1) - Folk Opera (2008) \---- France * Critérium de Saint-Cloud – (1) – Passion for Gold (2009) * Critérium International - (2) - Thunder Snow (2016), Royal Meeting (2018) * Poule d'Essai des Poulains - (3) - Vettori (1995), Bachir (2000), Shamardal (2005) * Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe - (3) - Lammtarra (1995), Sakhee (2001), Marienbard (2002) * Prix de la Forêt - (1) - Caradak (2006) * Prix d'Ispahan - (2) - Halling (1996), Best of the Bests (2002) * Prix Jacques Le Marois - (4) - Dubai Millennium (1999), Muhtathir (2000), Dubawi (2005), Librettist (2006) * Prix Jean-Luc Lagardère - (2) - Rio de la Plata (2007), Royal Marine (2018) * Prix Jean Prat - (2) - Almutawakel (1998), Thunder Snow (2017) * Prix du Jockey Club - (1) - Shamardal (2005) * Prix Maurice de Gheest - (1) - Diktat (1999) * Prix du Moulin de Longchamp - (2) - Slickly (2001), Librettist (2006) * Prix de la Salamandre - (1) - Aljabr (1998) * Prix Vermeille - (1) - Mezzo Soprano (2003) \---- Germany * Bayerisches Zuchtrennen - (2) - Kutub (2001), Benbatl (2018) * Grosser Preis von Baden - (3) - Marienbard (2002), Mamool (2003), Best Solution (2018) * Grosser Preis von Berlin - (4) - Mutafaweq (2000), Marienbard (2002), Campanologist (2010), Best Solution (2018) * Preis von Europa - (3) - Kutub (2001), Mamool (2003), Campanologist (2011) * Rheinland-Pokal - (2) - Cherry Mix (2006), Campanologist (2010) \---- Hong Kong * Hong Kong Cup - (1) - Fantastic Light (2000), Ramonti (2007) * Hong Kong Mile - (1) - Firebreak (2004) * Hong Kong Vase - (1) - Mastery (2010) * Queen Elizabeth II Cup - (1) - Overbury (1996) \---- Ireland * Irish 2,000 Guineas - (2) - Bachir (2000), Dubawi (2005) * Irish Champion Stakes - (4) - Swain (1998), Daylami (1999), Fantastic Light (2001), Grandera (2002) * Irish St. Leger - (2) - Kayf Tara (1998, 1999) * National Stakes - (1) - Dubawi (2004) * Pretty Polly Stakes - (1) - Flagbird (1995) * Tattersalls Gold Cup - (2) - Daylami (1998), Fantastic Light (2001) \---- Italy * Derby Italiano - (3) - Central Park (1998), Mukhalif (1999), Mastery (2009) * Gran Premio del Jockey Club - (4) - Kutub (2001), Cherry Mix (2005), Schiaparelli (2009), Campanologist (2011) * Gran Premio di Milano - (1) - Leadership (2003) * Premio Lydia Tesio - (2) - Najah (2001), Dubai Surprise (2005) * Premio Presidente della Repubblica - (2) - Flagbird (1995), Central Park (1999) * Premio Roma - (3) - Cherry Mix (2006), Rio De La Plata (2010), Hunter's Light (2012) * Premio Vittorio di Capua - (6) - Muhtathir (1999), Slickly (2001, 2002), Ancient World (2004), Gladiatorus (2009), Rio De La Plata (2010) \---- Japan * Yasuda Kinen - (1) - Heart Lake (1995) \---- Singapore * Singapore Airlines International Cup - (1) - Grandera (2002) \---- United Arab Emirates * Dubai Duty Free Stakes - (4) - Tamayaz (1997), Annus Mirabilis (1998), Altibr (1999), Rhythm Band (2000) * Dubai Golden Shaheen - (1) - Kassbaan (1996) * Dubai Sheema Classic - (2) - Stowaway (1998), Sulamani (2003) * Dubai World Cup - (9) - Almutawakel (1999), Dubai Millennium (2000), Street Cry (2002), Moon Ballad (2003), Electrocutionist (2006), African Story (2014), Prince Bishop (2015), Thunder Snow (2018, 2019) \---- United States * Arlington Million - (1) - Sulamani (2003) * Ballerina Stakes - (1) - Music Note (2009) * Beldame Stakes - (3) - Imperial Gesture (2002), Cocoa Beach (2008), Music Note (2009) * Beverly D. Stakes - (1) - Crimson Palace (2004) * Breeders' Cup Juvenile - (1) - Vale of York (2009) * Breeders' Cup Turf - (2) - Daylami (1999), Fantastic Light (2001) * Cigar Mile Handicap - (1) - Discreet Cat (2006) * Coaching Club American Oaks - (2) - Jilbab (2002), Music Note (2008) * Flower Bowl Invitational Stakes - (1) - Kazzia (2002) * Gazelle Stakes - (2) - Imperial Gesture (2002), Music Note (2008) * Man o' War Stakes - (2) - Daylami (1998), Fantastic Light (2000) * Mother Goose Stakes - (1) - Music Note (2008) * Ruffian Handicap - (1) - Stellar Jayne (2005) * San Juan Capistrano Handicap - (1) - Red Bishop (1995) * Stephen Foster Handicap - (1) - Street Cry (2002) * Turf Classic Invitational Stakes - (1) - Sulamani (2003) See also * Racingbase.com - Racing People: Saeed bin Suroor References * BBC Sport Horse Racing profile * bio at NTRA.com Category:1966 births Category:Living people Category:Emirati horse trainers Category:Emirati police officers "
"Cameron Troy Duncan (20 April 1986 – 12 November 2003) was a filmmaker from New Zealand. Biography=Life and film career= Duncan was of Māori descent and was raised in Auckland and attended Avondale College. Duncan completed many home videos but finished only two short films, DFK6498 and Strike Zone. The former dealt with his cancer diagnosis and subsequent loss of freedom, drawing analogy between the limitations imposed by the disease and a prison sentence. The latter film was devoted to his love of softball. Both films received recognition at the Wanganui Rivercity Film Festival. In 2002 DFK6498 won the best script and the viewers choice awards, with Duncan winning the best director award, while in 2003, Strike Zone won the best film award. He was also successful in the Fair Go Ad Awards, with his entries in 1999 and 2003 winning the award for best high school entries in their respective years. The advertisement he created for the 1999 competition was officially adopted by TVNZ and played on television for its message concerning road safety. He flew to Tijuana, Mexico for alternative treatment for his bone cancer. He died in Texas at age 17. =Relationship with Lord of the Rings= Near the end of his life he befriended Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh. His illness also helped to inspire Fran Walsh to write the lyrics for the Oscar-winning song, "Into the West" for the film The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King. After his death, his work as well as an explanatory documentary was put onto the Extended Edition DVD set for The Return of the King. On the set of The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, he received blessings from Viggo Mortensen and Sir Ian McKellen as well as a signed photo from John Rhys-Davies. He was going to make a cameo in the film, but as his health deteriorated, it became impossible for him to do so. =Legal battle after death= Duncan's family have made approaches through the NZ ethics system to use his frozen sperm. His sister and her female partner want to use the sperm and it is alleged that his mother has ownership rights. ReferencesExternal links * * Category:1986 births Category:2003 deaths Category:Deaths from cancer in Texas Category:Deaths from bone cancer Category:New Zealand film directors Category:People educated at Avondale College "