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"Scalesia pedunculata by Matilda Smith Scalesia pedunculata Hook.f. is a member of the Daisy family or Asteraceae, growing to a slender tree (20m tall, DBH 20 cm), and found in dense stands on the humid windward coasts of the islands of Santa Cruz, San Cristobal, Santiago and Floreana in the Galapagos Islands. The Galapagos archipelago lies in the southeast trade wind zone, so that climate and weather are dominated by the moisture-bearing trade winds and the topography of the islands. In general, the windward sides of the islands have a much higher precipitation than the leeward sides. "Phytogeography and Ecology of Scalesia (Compositae) Endemic to the Galapagos Islands" - Syuzo Itow Scalesia pedunculata is regarded as vulnerable because of human encroachment, invasive introduced plant species such as Cedrela odorata and Psidium guajava, and grazing by introduced goats. Fires and cutting for fuel are also contributory problems, though the tree's wood is soft, with a large, pithy centre. Charles Darwin first collected specimens of this species from Santiago Island ('James Island') in October 1835 on the voyage of the Beagle, and it was later named by his friend Joseph Dalton Hooker, who described it as 'frutescens' (becoming a shrub) as he thought that Darwin had made a mistake in calling it a tree, since members of the Daisy family rarely attain such a size.http://www.botanicus.org/page/1339257 The genus Scalesia comprises 9 species, with another 5 still unassessed and all endemic to the Galapagos Islands, three of which attain tree size viz. Scalesia pedunculata, S. cordata and S. microcephala, all three forming dense forests."Rapid, recent and irreversible habitat loss: Scalesia forest on the Galapagos Islands" - Andre Mauchamp, Rachel Atkinson The name Scalesia resulted from a blunder by Arnott who named it in honour of "W. Scales Esq., Cawdor Castle, Elginshire" but discovered after publication in 1836 that the name should have read 'Stables', after Scottish botanist William Alexander Stables (1810-21 June 1890), who contributed to botanical literature and was the factor or property manager of John Campbell, 2nd Earl Cawdor. The biology of this species has not been well studied. Trees take some 15 years to mature, and stands of woodland usually show a dearth of younger trees growing under the canopy. Entire woodlands collapse when stressed by drought or excessive rain. Shortly after this collapse seedlings start germinating once more, suggesting that the species goes through a natural cycle of build-up and collapse.Daisy tree Retrieved 12 April 2017. The first documented collapse of Scalesia forest occurred between 1935 and 1940, with the cause still not being clear. Next was the collapse in 1982-83, coinciding with an El Niño event, which brought heavy rain for many weeks, causing roots to rot and strong winds later flattened the entire forest. On Santa Cruz Scalesia pedunculata grows best at an altitude between 400 – 700 m, a zone which is almost always shrouded in fog, with rain being uncommon. The perennial mists provide moisture to flourishing communities of epiphytes growing on the trunks and branches, with the drops eventually trickling down to ground level and the soil below. Gallery ScalesiaSantaCruz2.jpgScalesia pedunculata on Santa Cruz Island - Dallas Krentzel LosGemelos.jpgScalesia pedunculata forest around and in Los Gemelos sinkhole - Dallas Krentzel References External links *Gallery of Scalesia pedunculata images Category:Scalesia Category:Flora of the Galápagos Islands "
"Teremaki Paniani (born 20 May 1975) in the Cook Islands is a footballer who plays as a Midfielder. He currently plays for Nikao Sokattack F.C. in the Cook Islands Round Cup and the Cook Islands national football team. References Category:1975 births Category:Living people Category:Cook Islands international footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:Cook Island association footballers "
"Turkey is competing at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona, Spain between 19 July and 4 August 2013. Swimming Turkish swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard entry time, and 1 at the B-standard): ;Men {class=wikitable style="font-size:90%" - !rowspan="2"Athlete !rowspan="2"Event !colspan="2"Heat !colspan="2"Semifinal !colspan="2"Final -style="font-size:95%" !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank -align=center align=left rowspan=2Demir Atasoy align=left50 m breaststroke 28.04 32 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left100 m breaststroke 1:02.01 38 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=leftİskender Baslakov align=left50 m butterfly 24.98 45 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=leftDoğa Çelik align=left200 m freestyle 1:51.79 41 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left rowspan=2Guven Duvan align=left50 m backstroke 26.25 25 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left100 m backstroke 56.78 33 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left rowspan=2Kemal Arda Gürdal align=left50 m freestyle 22.89 34 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left100 m freestyle 49.65 23 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left rowspan=2Nezır Karap align=left400 m freestyle 3:57.37 33 colspan=2 colspan=2Did not advance -align=center align=left800 m freestyle 8:21.31 32 colspan=2 colspan=2Did not advance -align=center align=leftAlpkan Ornek align=left400 m individual medley 4:28.22 30 colspan=2 colspan=2Did not advance -align=center align=leftEdiz Yıldırımer align=left1500 m freestyle 15:38.46 30 colspan=2 colspan=2Did not advance -align=center align=leftDoğa Çelik İskender Baslakov Kemal Arda Gürdal Furkan Marasli align=left4 × 100 m freestyle relay 3:20.00 12 colspan=2 colspan=2Did not advance -align=center align=leftDoğa Çelik Nezır Karap Kemal Arda Gürdal Furkan Marasli align=left4 × 200 m freestyle relay 7:32.37 16 colspan=2 colspan=2Did not advance -align=center align=leftDemir Atasoy İskender Baslakov Doğa Çelik Guven Duvan align=left4 × 100 m medley relay 3:43.71 19 colspan=2 colspan=2Did not advance } ;Women {class=wikitable style="font-size:90%" - !rowspan="2"Athlete !rowspan="2"Event !colspan="2"Heat !colspan="2"Semifinal !colspan="2"Final -style="font-size:95%" !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank -align=center align=left rowspan=2İris Rosenberger align=left50 m butterfly 27.66 =35 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left100 m butterfly 1:01.35 33 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=leftHazal Sarıkaya align=left50 m backstroke 30.15 38 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left rowspan=2Halime Zeren align=left100 m backstroke 1:02.91 30 colspan=4Did not advance -align=center align=left200 m backstroke 2:15.48 29 colspan=4Did not advance } References External links *Barcelona 2013 Official Site *Türkiye Yüzme Federasyonu Category:Nations at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships Category:2013 in Turkish sport Category:Turkey at the World Aquatics Championships "