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"Faubion Bowers (29 January 1917 – 17 November 1999) was a noted American academic and writer in the area of Asian Studies, especially Japanese theatre. He also wrote the first full-length biography of Russian composer Alexander Scriabin. During the Allied Occupation of Japan, he was General Douglas MacArthur's personal Japanese language interpreter and aide-de-camp. Biography Bowers was born in Miami, Oklahoma. He graduated from Columbia University in 1935 and the Juilliard Graduate School of Music in 1939. Bowers taught at Hosei University in Tokyo from 1940 to 1941. After the surrender of Japan, he was the interpreter for the advance party of 150 US personnel which flew into the Atsugi airfield on 28 August 1945. As MacArthur's interpreter he lived at the American Embassy with the MacArthur family, and served as interpreter at the initial meeting between MacArthur and Emperor Hirohito. While an official censor for Japanese theater he became its champion. After the war he taught at the New School for Social Research, and at Kansas University as Distinguished Professor of Asian Studies. He also served as music editor or reviewer for various periodicals. Bowers became a respected authority on oriental art and culture, writing scholarly monographs on such subjects as Indian dance and Japanese theatre, as well as a definitive two- volume biography of the Russian composer Alexander Scriabin. His book, Japanese Theatre, was published in 1952 and is highly recommended by James Michener, in his book on Japanese ukiyo-e prints, The Floating World, as "one of the foremost works of scholarship dealing with Japanese culture to come out of the occupation." He was married from 1951-1966 to Indian writer Santha Rama Rau. They had one son who, according to his parents, traveled widely and lived an affluent vagabond existence. Bowers was interviewed for Columbia University's Oral History Project in 1960. He wrote the first full-length biography of Russian composer Alexander Scriabin (1872–1915) in two volumes (1970, 2nd edition 1996) and was a member of the Bagby Foundation for the Musical Arts in New York City. He died in New York City on 17 November 1999. Kabuki Bowers is known as The Man Who Saved Kabuki in Japan. While on his way to Indonesia in 1940, he visited Tokyo's Kabuki-za where he watched the famous Kanadehon Chūshingura kabuki play, and was very moved by kabuki as an art form. Four years later he returned to Japan as General MacArthur's secretary during the American Occupation of Japan. At this time the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers thought kabuki should be banned for its portrayal of feudal values. Bowers was strongly against this, stating that "Kabuki is not only Japanese culture but world culture and must be preserved for the future." He promoted kabuki plays and instructed that a "Dream Team" cast of big kabuki stars should be assembled to perform "Kanadehon Chūshingura" in 1947. This performance and many others performed at the Tokyo Army College were a success, and the cast later performed the play in 1950 in East Coast venues across the US. Awards Bowers was awarded the Bronze Star in 1944, and an Oak Leaf Cluster in 1945. In 1985, Bowers was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure by the government of Japan.Pace, Eric. "Faubion Bowers, 82, Defender Of Kabuki in Occupied Japan", New York Times. November 22, 1999. Publications * (1st pub. 1970) * Notes References * Brandon, James R. "Myth and Reality: A Story of Kabuki during American Censorship, 1945-1949," Asian Theatre Journal, Volume 23, Number 1, Spring 2006, pp. 1–110. * Okamoto, Shiro. "The Man Who Saved Kabuki: Faubion Bowers and Theatre Censorship in Occupied Japan," translation by Samuel L. Leiter. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. External links *Faubion Bowers - biography found at the Japanese American Veterans Association website *Bowers' impressions of Gen. MacArthur as found on the Japanese-American Veterans Association website *1969 audio interview of Faubion Bowers (part 1 of 2) *1969 audio interview of Faubion Bowers (part 2 of 2) *1969 'Camera Three' program on Kabuki (with Faubion Bowers et al.) Category:1917 births Category:1999 deaths Category:American expatriates in Japan Category:Recipients of the Order of the Sacred Treasure Category:Writers from Oklahoma Category:Columbia College (New York) alumni Category:Juilliard School alumni Category:Douglas MacArthur Category:Interpreters Category:Censors Category:University of Kansas faculty Category:The New School faculty Category:20th-century scholars Category:20th-century American writers Category:Kabuki Category:American people of World War II Category:Hosei University faculty Category:20th-century translators "
"Manish (also Maneesh) (Devanagari: मनिष or मनीष) is a common Hindu masculine given name that literally means "The God of the Mind" or the one who has controlled and mastered one's mind (representing an intellectual, genius, etc.), derived from the Sanskrit words "man" (mann) which means Mind and "ish" which refers to God or master. Many Hindu male children are given this name. It is a popular name in central and northern parts of India. Notable persons with this given name *Maneesh Agrawala (born 1973), American computer scientist *Maneesh Sharma, Indian film director *Manish Acharya (1967–2010), Indian film director and actor *Manish Arora, Indian fashion designer *Manish Bhasin, British sports journalist *Manish Bhargav (born 1994), Indian footballer *Manish Dayal, American actor *Manish Ghatak (1902–1979), Indian poet and novelist *Manish Gupta (director), Indian writer and director *Manish Gupta (politician), Indian politician *Manish Jha (born 1978), Indian film director and screenwriter *Manish Joshi Bismil, Indian theatre director *Manish Kaushik (voice actor) (born 1980), Indian voice-dubbing artist *Manish Maithani (born 1987), Indian football player *Manish Makhija (born 1968), Indian VJ and restaurateur *Manish Malhotra (born 1965), Indian fashion Designer *Manish Paul (born 1978), Indian actor *Manish Pandey (born 1989), Indian cricketer *Manish Pitambare (1975–2006), Indian soldier *Manish Raisinghani (born 1979), Indian actor and model *Manish Sharma (cricketer) (born 1981), Indian cricketer *Manish Sisodia (born 1972), Indian social activist *Manish Tewari, Indian politician *Manish Vatsalya (born 1980), Indian actor and filmmaker See also *Personal name *Given name *Indian name *List of most popular given names Category:Masculine given names Category:Given names "